ජෙරුසලෙම වටලෑම (1099)
| ජෙරුසලෙම වටලෑම | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| පළමු කුරුස යුද්ධයෙ හි කොටසකි | |||||||
 කුරුස යුදුවන් ජෙරුසලෙම අල්ලා ගැනීම | |||||||
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| යුද්ධාවතීරයන් | |||||||
 ෆතිමිද් කලිපේත් | |||||||
| ආඥාපතියන් සහ නායකයන් | |||||||
 Raymond of Toulouse Godfrey of Bouillon Robert II of Flanders Robert II of Normandy.svg){kind=small} Tancred of Taranto[1][2][3][4] |
Iftikhar ad-Dawla[4][5] | ||||||
| හමුදාමය ප්රබලතාවය | |||||||
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නයිට්වරු 1,200-1,300 පාබල සේනාව 11,000-12,000 [2][6][4] |
400 Cavalrymen, and a Sizeable Garrison of Muslim troops including Nubians [4][7] | ||||||
| අපාතිකයන් සහ හානි | |||||||
| Heavy[1] | Heavy ("massacre")[8] | ||||||
ජෙරුසලෙම වටලෑම 1099 ජූනි 7 සිට ජූලි 15 දක්වා පළමු කුරුස යුද්ධය තුළ සිදු විය.
මූලාශ්ර
[සංස්කරණය]- ^ a b c Valentin, François (1867). Geschichte der Kreuzzüge. Regensburg.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Skaarup, Harold A. (2003). Siegecraft - No Fortress Impregnable. Lincoln.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Dittmar, Heinrich (1850). Die Geschichte der Welt vor und nach Christus, Vol. 3. Heidelberg.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d Watson, Bruce (1993). Sieges: a comparative study. Westport.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Nicolle, David (2003). The First Crusade, 1096-99: conquest of the Holy Land. Oxford.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World. Santa Barbara.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Haag, Michael (2008). Templars: History and Myth: From Solomon's Temple to the Freemasons. London.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ The "massacre" at the sack of Jerusalem has become a commonplace motive in popular depictions, but the historical event is difficult to reconstruct with any certainty.
Arab sources give figures of between 30,000 and 70,000 casualties (in an anonymous Syrian chronicle, and in Ibn al-Athir, respectively). These figures are rejected as unrealistic by Thorau (2007), who argues it is very unlikely that the city at the time had a total population of this order; medieval chroniclers tend to substantially exaggerate both troop strength and casualty figures; they cannot be taken at face value naively, and it is less than straightforward to arrive at realistic estimates based on them.
Peter Thorau, Die Kreuzzüge, C.H.Beck, München 2007, ISBN 3406508383.
Dittmar, Heinrich (1850). Die Geschichte der Welt vor und nach Christus, Vol. 3. Heidelberg.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)[page needed] Valentin, François (1867). Geschichte der Kreuzzüge. Regensburg.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)[page needed] Mackintosh, Sir James (1830). The history of England, Volume 1. Philadelphia.[page needed]