Federal subjects of Russia
Russia is a federation which consists of 83 subjects.[1] These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia). However, they do differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy. Autonomous okrugs, while federal subjects in their own right, are, at the same time, considered to be administrative divisions of other federal subjects (with Chukotka Autonomous Okrug being the only exception).
Types of federal subjects of Russia[සංස්කරණය]
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Each subject of the federation belongs to one of the following categories:
| 21 republics (республики, sing. республика; respubliki, sing. respublika)—nominally autonomous, each has its own constitution, president and parliament; is represented by the federal government in international affairs; and is meant to be home to a specific ethnic minority. | |
| 46 oblasts (provinces) (области, sing. область; oblasti, sing. oblast)—most common, regular administrative units with federally appointed governor and locally elected legislature. Commonly named after the oblast center—the largest city in the oblast, its administrative center. | |
| 9 krais (territories) (края, sing. край; kraya, sing. krai or kray, the latter being less common)—essentially the same as oblasts. The title "territory" is historic, originally given because they were once considered frontier regions. | |
| 1 autonomous oblast (autonomous province) (автономная область; avtonomnaya oblast) (The Jewish Autonomous Oblast) | |
| 4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts) (автономные округа, sing. автономный округ; avtonomnyye okruga, sing. avtonomny okrug)—more autonomous than oblasts but less than republics; usually with substantial or predominant ethnic minority. | |
| 2 federal cities (cities under direct jurisdiction of the Federation) (федеральные города, sing. федеральный город; federalnyye goroda, sing. federalny gorod)—major cities that function as separate regions. |
List of federal subjects[සංස්කරණය]
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The subjects have both numerical codes and two- or three-letter ISO 3166-2:RU codes. The numerical codes span from 01 to 89, although 6 of them are no longer in use after mergers. සැකිල්ල:List of federal subjects of Russia
Mergers[සංස්කරණය]
 | මෙම ලිපිය යාවත් කාලීන කිරීම අවශ්යයි. |
Plans existed to merge some of the federal subjects into larger territories, which started in December 2005. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008.
| Proposals | Date of referendum | Date of merger | Merger |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1, 1a | December 7, 2003 | December 1, 2005 | Perm Oblast + Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug → Perm Krai |
| 2, 2a, 2b | April 17, 2005 | January 1, 2007 | Krasnoyarsk Krai + Evenk Autonomous Okrug + Taymyr Autonomous Okrug → Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| 3, 3a | October 23, 2005 | July 1, 2007 | Kamchatka Oblast + Koryak Autonomous Okrug → Kamchatka Krai |
| 4, 4a | April 16, 2006 | January 1, 2008 | Irkutsk Oblast + Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Irkutsk Oblast |
| 5, 5a | March 11, 2007 | March 1, 2008 | Chita Oblast + Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug → Zabaykalsky Krai |
Further proposals for mergers[සංස්කරණය]
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See also[සංස්කරණය]
- Subdivisions of Russia
- Federal districts of Russia
- Economic regions of Russia
- History of the administrative division of Russia
- Flags of federal subjects of Russia
- List of heads of federal subjects of Russia
References[සංස්කරණය]
- ↑ Конституция Российской Федерации, Статья 65 (Constitution of Russia, Article 65) (රුසියානු). In 1993, when the constitution was adopted, there were 89 subjects listed. Some of them were later merged.
External links[සංස්කරණය]
සැකිල්ල:Federal subjects of Russia සැකිල්ල:Articles on first-level administrative divisions of European countries සැකිල්ල:Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries