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පඩියං

විකිපීඩියා වෙතින්
Topaz
Facet Cut Topaz Gemstones in various colors
General
CategorySilicate mineral
රසායනික සූත්‍රයAl2SiO4(F,OH)2
Strunz classification9.AF.35
Crystal symmetryOrthorhombic dipyramidal
H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m)
Space group: Pbnm
Unit cella = 4.65 Å, b = 8.8 Å,
c = 8.4 Å; Z = 4
Identification
පාට / පැහැයColorless (if no impurities), blue, brown, orange, gray, yellow, green, pink and reddish pink
Crystal habitPrismatic crystals with faces striated parallel to long dimension; also columnar, compact, massive
Crystal systemOrthorhombic
Cleavage[001] Perfect
FractureSubconchoidal to uneven
Mohs scale hardness8 (defining mineral)
LusterVitreous
StreakWhite
DiaphaneityTransparent
Specific gravity3.49–3.57
Optical propertiesBiaxial (+)
Refractive indexnα = 1.606–1.629
nβ = 1.609–1.631
nγ = 1.616–1.638
Birefringenceδ = 0.010
PleochroismWeak in thick sections X = yellow; Y = yellow, violet, reddish; Z = violet, bluish, yellow, pink
Other characteristicsFluorescent, short UV=golden yellow, long UV=cream
References[1][2][3][4]
  1. ^ Hurlbut, Cornelius S.; Klein, Cornelis, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, 20th ed., ISBN 0-471-80580-7
  2. ^ Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W. and Nichols, Monte C., ed. (1995). "Topaz". Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF). Vol. II (Silica, Silicates). Chantilly, VA, US: Mineralogical Society of America. ISBN 0-9622097-1-6. සම්ප්‍රවේශය December 5, 2011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  3. ^ Topaz. Mindat.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-29.
  4. ^ Topaz. Webmineral.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-29.
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